Compressor zo mu kirere zakoreshejwe cyane mu nzego zose z'inganda, ariko ubu compressor nyinshi zigomba gukoresha amavuta yo kwisiga iyo zikora. Kubera iyo mpamvu, umwuka ufunze nta kabuza urimo imyanda ya peteroli. Muri rusange, ibigo binini bishyiraho igice cyo gukuraho peteroli gusa. Uko byagenda kose, ubwo bwoko bw'igice bushobora kwibasira ibitonyanga bya peteroli n'igihu cya peteroli mu myuka, kandi umwuka urimo peteroli.
Kuri ubu hari uburyo butatu bukoreshwa mu gusukura umwuka cyane:
1. Gukonjesha no kuyungurura
Ihame nyamukuru ry'ubu buryo ni ugukonjesha. Ihame ryoroshye ry'ubu buryo ni uguhindura molekile z'amavuta amazi hanyuma zigahinduka ibihumyo by'amavuta, hanyuma zigashyirwa mu mavuta. Igiciro ni gito. Niba icyuma gikoreshwa mu kuyungurura gifite ubuziranenge bwo hejuru, ibihumyo byinshi by'amavuta bishobora gukurwaho, ariko biragoye gukuraho amavuta burundu, gazi ishobora gusa kuzuza ibisabwa muri rusange by'ubuziranenge bw'umwuka, kandi ubuziranenge bw'icyuma gifunguye ni bwo busabwa kugira ngo kibe kinini.
2. Gukoresha umwuka wa karuboni ukoresheje ingufu
Karuboni ikoreshwa ishobora gukuraho imyanda mu kirere neza, kandi ingaruka ni nziza cyane. Umwuka usukuye ushobora kuzuza ibisabwa byinshi byo gukoresha gaze, ariko igiciro cya karuboni ikoreshwa ni kinini. Nyuma y'igihe kirekire ikoreshwa, ingaruka zo gusukura ziragabanuka kandi zigomba gusimburwa. Inzira yo gusimbuza ihinduka bitewe n'ingano y'amavuta, kandi ntabwo ihamye. Iyo karuboni ikoreshejwe yuzuye, ingaruka zizaba zikomeye. Ntishobora gukuraho amavuta buri gihe. Kugira ngo usimbuze karuboni ikoreshwa, ugomba no kugira ibyo ugabanya mu gishushanyo.
3. Okiside ya Catalytic
Ihame ry'ubu buryo rishobora kumvikana mu buryo bworoshye nk'uburyo amavuta na ogisijeni bihinduka ogisijeni muri iyo gaze, bigatwika amavuta mu mazi no mu "gaze karuboni".
Ubu buryo bufite ibisabwa byinshi mu bya tekiniki, kandi inkingi yabwo niyo itera ingaruka. Kubera ko gutwika bidashobora kubaho mu by'ukuri, hagomba gukoreshwa catalyst kugira ngo yihutishe inzira y'ingaruka. Catalyst igomba kugira ahantu hanini hahurira na gaze, kandi ingaruka za catalytic nazo zigomba kuba zikomeye.
Kugira ngo hongerwe ingaruka za catalytic, reaction igomba gukorwa munsi y'ubushyuhe bwinshi n'umuvuduko mwinshi, kandi hagashyirwaho ibikoresho bishyushya. Ingufu zikoreshwa ziyongera cyane, kandi kubera ko molekile za peteroli muri gaze ari nke cyane ugereranyije na molekile za ogisijeni, kugira ngo habeho ingaruka, igihe cyo reaction nacyo gifite ibisabwa bimwe na bimwe, bityo icyumba cyo reaction kirakenewe. Niba ikoranabuhanga ryo kumenya no gutunganya ibikoresho ritari hejuru, bizagorana kubigeraho. Ibisabwa, ikiguzi cy'ibanze cy'ishoramari ry'ibikoresho ni kinini, kandi ubwiza bw'ibikoresho buratandukana, kandi hari ibyago. Ariko, ibikoresho byiza bishobora kugabanya peteroli muri gaze ku rwego rwo hasi cyane kandi bigahura n'ibisabwa bitarimo peteroli, kandi catalyst ntigire uruhare mu reaction ubwayo, bityo ubuzima bwo kuyikoresha bukaba burebure, kandi igihe cyo kuyikoresha kiragenwa, kandi ishoramari rya nyuma riba rito uretse ikoreshwa ry'ingufu.
Mu myaka ya vuba aha, bitewe n’iterambere rirambye ry’umusaruro w’inganda, imashini zikora ibikoresho byo mu kirere zagize uruhare runini mu musaruro. Ariko, iyo amasosiyete amwe akoresha imashini zikora ibikoresho byo mu kirere, asanga umwuka ukorwa n’imashini zikora ibikoresho byo mu kirere uba urimo amavuta menshi cyane, ibyo bikaba bigira ingaruka ku musaruro gusa, ahubwo bishobora no guteza umwanda ku bidukikije. Kugira ngo iki kibazo gikemuke, impuguke zatanze ingamba eshatu zikomeye zo gufasha amasosiyete gusukura umwuka no kunoza imikorere myiza y’umusaruro.
Mbere na mbere, impuguke zisaba amasosiyete gushyiraho ibikoresho byo gusukura umwuka mu gihe akoresha compressors z'umwuka. Mu gushyiramo akayunguruzo n'agatandukanya amazi n'amavuta aho compressors zisohokera, amavuta n'ubushuhe biri muri iyo gazi bishobora gukurwaho neza, bigatuma umwuka urushaho kuba mwiza, bikagabanya kwangirika kw'ibikoresho byo gukora, kandi bikanoza imikorere myiza y'umusaruro.
Icya kabiri, kubungabunga buri gihe compressor y'umwuka ni ingenzi mu gusukura umwuka. Gusimbuza buri gihe icyuma gitunganya icyuma n'icyuma gitunganya icyuma, gusukura icyuma gitandukanya amavuta n'amazi, no kugenzura niba imiyoboro y'amazi idakora neza bishobora kugabanya amavuta n'imyanda iri muri gazi no kwemeza ko umwuka umeze neza.
Amaherezo, ubucuruzi bushobora gutekereza gukoresha amavuta ya sintetike akoresha umwuka mwiza cyane. Amavuta gakondo y’ubutare akunze kugwa imvura n’umwanda mu gihe cyo kuyakoresha, bigatuma umwuka uba amavuta. Amavuta ya sintetike akoresha umwuka afite ubushobozi bwo gusukura neza kandi agatuma umwuka uhora umeze neza, ibyo bikaba bishobora kugabanya amavuta ari muri iyo gazi no gutuma umwuka uba mwiza.
Muri make, kugira ngo ikibazo cy’umwuka ukoresha compressor mu kirere gikemuke cyane, amasosiyete ashobora gufata ingamba eshatu z’ingenzi: gushyiraho ibikoresho byo gusukura umwuka, kubungabunga buri gihe no gukoresha amavuta ya synthetic compressor mu buryo bunoze kugira ngo isukure neza umwuka no kunoza imikorere myiza y’umusaruro. Gutanga umusanzu mu kurengera ibidukikije. Hifujwe ko amasosiyete yose azita ku gusukura umwuka no gushyira hamwe ibidukikije bisukuye kandi bifite ubuzima bwiza.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-29-2024
